Imposition of tax, exemptions and deductions. (a)  (Reserved). (b)  Oil company franchise tax for highway maintenance and construction.-- The tax imposed by Chapter 95 (relating to taxes for highway maintenance and construction)

§ 9004.  Imposition of tax, exemptions and deductions. (a)  (Reserved). (b)  Oil company franchise tax for highway maintenance and construction.-- The tax imposed by Chapter 95 (relating to taxes for highway maintenance and construction) shall be imposed and collected on liquid fuels and fuels, on a cents-per-gallon equivalent basis, upon all gallons of liquid fuels and fuels used or sold and delivered by distributors within this Commonwealth. (c)  Aviation gasoline tax.-- In lieu of the taxes under subsection (b): (1)  A State tax of 1 1/2¢ a gallon or fractional part thereof is imposed and assessed upon all liquid fuels used or sold and delivered by distributors within this Commonwealth for use as fuel in propeller-driven piston engine aircraft or aircraft engines. (2)  A State tax of 1 1/2¢ a gallon or fractional part thereof is imposed and assessed upon all liquid fuels used or sold and delivered by distributors within this Commonwealth for use as fuel in turbine-propeller jet, turbojet or jet- driven aircraft or aircraft engines. (d)  Alternative fuels tax.-- (1)  A tax is hereby imposed upon alternative fuels used to propel vehicles of any kind or character on the public highways. The rate of tax applicable to each alternative fuel shall be computed by the department on a gallon equivalent basis and shall be published as necessary by notice in the Pennsylvania Bulletin. (2)  The tax imposed in this section upon alternative fuels shall be reported and paid to the department by each alternative fuel dealer-user rather than by distributors under this chapter similar to the manner in which distributors are required to report and pay the tax on liquid fuels and fuels, and the licensing and bonding provisions of this chapter shall be applicable to alternative fuel dealer-users. The department may permit alternative fuel dealer-users to report the tax due for reporting periods greater than one month up to an annual basis provided the tax is prepaid on the estimated amount of alternative fuel to be used in such extended period. The bonding requirements may be waived by the department where the tax has been prepaid. (3)  Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed to: (i)  Affect the duty of an alternative fuel dealer-user to report and pay to the department the tax under this subsection for electricity delivered through an electric vehicle charging station provided by the alternative fuel dealer-user to the owner or registrant of an electric vehicle or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle that is subject to the electric vehicle road user charge. (ii)  Prohibit the alternative fuel dealer-user from passing onto the owner or registrant of an electric vehicle or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle that is subject to the electric vehicle road user charge any costs associated with the reporting and payment of the tax under this subsection. (e)  Exceptions.-- The tax imposed under subsections (b), (c) and (d) shall not apply to liquid fuels, fuels or alternative fuels: (1)  Delivered to the Federal Government on presentation of an authorized Federal Government exemption certificate or other evidence satisfactory to the department. (2)  Used or sold and delivered which are not within the taxing power of the Commonwealth under the Commerce Clause of the Constitution of the United States. (3)  Used as fuel in aircraft or aircraft engines, except for the tax imposed under subsection (c). (4)  Delivered to this Commonwealth, a political subdivision, a volunteer fire company, a volunteer ambulance service, a volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority, an electric cooperative corporation as defined under 15 Pa.C.S. § 7302(a) (relating to application of chapter) or a nonpublic school not operated for profit on presentation of evidence satisfactory to the department. (f)  Single payment.-- The tax imposed and assessed under this subsection shall be collected by and paid to the Commonwealth only once in respect to any liquid fuels, fuels and alternative fuels. (g)  Distributors to pay tax.-- Distributors shall be liable to the Commonwealth for the collection and payment of the tax imposed by this chapter. The tax imposed by this chapter shall be collected by the distributor at the time the liquid fuels and fuels are used or sold and delivered by the distributor and shall be borne by the consumer. (h)  Losses to be allowed.-- The department shall allow for handling and storage losses of liquid fuels and fuels that are substantiated to the satisfaction of the department. (Nov. 25, 2013, P.L.974, No.89, eff. Jan. 1, 2014; July 17, 2024, P.L.917, No.85, eff. Jan. 1, 2025) 2024 Amendment. Act 85 amended subsec. (e)(4) and added subsec. (d)(3). 2013 Amendment. Act 89 amended subsecs. (a), (b), (c) intro.  par. and (e) intro. par. See the preamble to Act 89 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to legislative findings and declarations. Special Provisions in Appendix. See section 21(d) of Act 3 of 1997 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to computation of "cents-per-gallon equivalent basis." Cross References. Section 9004 is referred to in sections 9002, 9004.1, 9006, 9017, 9024, 9502, 9511.11, 9603 of this title.