2019 Mississippi Alternate Academic Achievement Standards for Health Elements

7 Miss. Admin. Code, Part 200

2019 Mississippi Alternate Academic Achievement Standards for Health Elements

Effective Date: 2019-2020 School Year

2019 Mississippi Alternate Academic Achievement Standards for Health Elements Carey M. Wright, Ed.D., State Superintendent of Education Nathan Oakley, Ph.D., Chief Academic Officer Robin Lemonis, State Director of Special Education

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Mississippi Department of Education Post Office Box 771 Jackson, Mississippi 39205-0771 Office of Special Education 601.359.3498 www.mdek12.org/ose The Mississippi State Board of Education, the Mississippi Department of Education, the Mississippi School for the Arts, the Mississippi School for the Blind, the Mississippi School for the Deaf, and the Mississippi School for Mathematics and Science do not discriminate on the basis of race, sex, color, religion, national origin, age, or disability in the provision of educational programs and services or employment opportunities and benefits. The following office has been designated to handle inquiries and complaints regarding the nondiscrimination policies of the above-mentioned entities: Director, Office of Human Resources Mississippi Department of Education

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Table of Contents Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................. 5 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 6 2019 Mississippi Alternate Academic Achievement Standards for Health Elements ......................... 7 Research and Background Information ................................................................................................ 8 Core Elements in the Use and Design of the MS AAAS for Health Elements ...................................... 8 Structure of the Standards Document................................................................................................... 9 Support Documents and Resources .................................................................................................... 10 References .......................................................................................................................................... 10

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Acknowledgements The Mississippi Department of Education gratefully acknowledges the hard work of the following individuals for their involvement in developing the Mississippi Alternate Academic Achievement Standards (MS AAAS) for Health Elements: Marla Adams Dayna Clark Sharon Strong Coon Angelitta Darden Whitney Drewrey Alicia Dunigan Margaret Ellmer, Ph.D. Doris Flettrich Kellie Fondren Pasteia Garth Madelyn Harris Sadie Harris Jordan Helton Jan Houston Karen John Ginger Koestler Teresa Laney Lydia Lankford Summer Lewis Misty McMahon Myra Pannell, Ph.D. Allison Paige Pigott Kim Ray Bobby L. Richardson Amye Rowan Connie Smith Denise Sibley Susan Stampley Elizabeth Testa Jaicia Thomas Stacey Todd Mary West Tiffany Withers

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Lee County School District Pass Christian School District Mississippi Department of Education Gulfport School District Lafayette County School District Senatobia School District Mississippi Department of Education Pass Christian School District Mississippi State University Nettleton School District Mississippi Department of Education Mississippi Department of Education Madison County School District Starkville Oktibbeha School District Petal School District Mississippi Department of Education Mississippi Department of Education Madison County School District Rankin County School District Ocean Springs School District Mississippi State University RCU Mississippi School for the Blind/Deaf Nettleton School District Mississippi Department of Education Pearl School District Laurel School District Mississippi State University RCU Senatobia School District Vicksburg/Warren School District Lamar County School District Ocean Springs School District Lincoln County School District Rankin County School District

MISSISSIPPI ALTERNATE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT STANDARDS for HEALTH ELEMENTS

Introduction The Mississippi Department of Education is dedicated to student success, which includes improving student achievement and establishing communication skills within a technological environment. The Mississippi Alternate Academic Achievement Standards (MS AAAS) for Health Elements provides a consistent, clear understanding of what students are expected to know and be able to do by the end of the course. The MS AAAS for Health Elements was developed to provide secondary students with the most significant cognitive disabilities with functional health information that is relevant to the real world, reflecting the knowledge and skills that students need to develop healthy behaviors. In special education, prompting is often used to mean a system of structured cues to elicit desired behaviors that otherwise would not occur. In order to clearly communicate that teacher assistance is permitted during instruction of the MS AAAS and is not limited to structured prompting procedures. Guidance and support during instruction should be interpreted as teacher encouragement, general assistance, and informative feedback to support the student.

Purpose The purpose of the MS AAAS for Health Elements is to provide a common framework for teachers of students with significant cognitive disabilities (SCD) to use in curriculum development and instructional delivery. To ensure that students with significant cognitive disabilities receive health instruction on par with national standards, the MS AAAS for Health Elements is aligned to the National Health Education Standards for grades 9-12. The standards are grouped into seven domains: health promotion and disease prevention, influences on health behaviors, health information, interpersonal communication, decision making, goal setting, and advocacy.

Implementation The Mississippi Alternate Academic Achievement Standards for Health Elements will be piloted during the 2019-2020 school year.

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MISSISSIPPI ALTERNATE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT STANDARDS for HEALTH ELEMENTS

2019 Mississippi Alternate Academic Achievement Standards for Health Elements

7 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

MISSISSIPPI ALTERNATE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT STANDARDS for HEALTH ELEMENTS

Research and Background Information The Mississippi Department of Education (MDE) is committed to creating a world-class educational system that prepares all students to be successful beyond high school. Success for all students includes those with significant cognitive disabilities (SCD). This MS AAAS for Health Elements course is designed to provide high school students with significant cognitive disabilities the skills and knowledge they need to promote personal, family, and community health. The MS AAAS for Health Elements is aligned to the National Health Education Standards (NHES) for grades 9-12. Practitioners in the field of education also played a key role in the development of the alternate standards. The accompanying teacher resource guide will use scaffolding to optimize student learning and meet each student at his or her ability level.

Core Elements in the Use and Design of the MS AAAS for Health Elements The MS AAAS for Health Elements was developed for students with significant cognitive disabilities. This document does not dictate a manner or specific methods of teaching. The standards in this document are not sequenced for instruction and do not prescribe classroom activities, materials, or instructional strategies. Rather, these standards are end-of-course expectations. The standards are intended to drive relevant and rigorous instruction that emphasizes student knowledge of both disciplinary core ideas (concepts) and the application of knowledge and skills needed to promote personal, family, and community health. The following domains were identified as being the most significant in contributing to a healthy lifestyle for a student progressing into adulthood: health promotion and disease prevention, influences on health behaviors, health information, interpersonal communication, decision making, goal setting, and advocacy. The performance objectives in each domain were written with consideration of students with significant cognitive disabilities. A brief description of each domain is presented below: 1. Health promotion and disease prevention: Focuses on providing students with a foundation for promoting health-enhancing behaviors. 2. Influences on health behaviors: Focuses on identifying and understanding how health is impacted by a variety of positive and negative influences within society. 3. Health information: Focuses on how to identify and access valid health information and health-promotion products and services that are critical in the prevention, early detection, and treatment of health problems. 4. Interpersonal communication: Focuses on how effective communication enhances health and avoids or reduces health risks.

8 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

MISSISSIPPI ALTERNATE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT STANDARDS for HEALTH ELEMENTS

5. Decision making: Focuses on developing the decision-making skills needed to identify, implement, and sustain health-enhancing behaviors. 6. Goal setting: Focuses on applying goal-setting skills that are essential to helping students identify, adopt, and maintain healthy behaviors. 7. Advocacy: Focuses on developing advocacy skills to help students promote healthy norms and healthy behaviors.

Structure of the Standards Document The content strands are organized into seven domains: (1) health promotion and disease prevention, (2) influences on health behaviors, (3) health information, (4) interpersonal communication, (5) decision making, (6) goal setting, and (7) advocacy. Disciplinary core ideas: The disciplinary core ideas represent content from the standard that is the main focus of the domain. Conceptual understanding: These are statements of the core ideas for which students should demonstrate an understanding. Mississippi Alternate Academic Achievement content standard: The MS AAAS for Health Elements is a general statement of what students with significant cognitive disabilities should know and be able to do because of instruction.

Disciplinary Core Idea Mississippi Alternate Academic Achievement Standard (MS AAAS)

Performance Objectives

9 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

MISSISSIPPI ALTERNATE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT STANDARDS for HEALTH ELEMENTS

Support Documents and Resources The MDE Office of Special Education aims to provide local districts, schools, and teachers with documents to construct standards-based instruction and lessons, allowing them to customize content and delivery methods to fit each student’s needs. The support documents may include suggested resources, instructional strategies, sample lessons, and activities. There are many ways in which skills and concepts can be incorporated based on each student’s individual learning styles and needs. Professional development efforts will be aligned to the MS AAAS for Health Elements and delivered in accordance with teacher resources to help expand expertise in delivering student-centered lessons.

References Centers for Disease Prevention. (1996). National standards for health education. National Academies Press. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/sher/standards/index.htm. Florida Center for Research in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics. (n.d). CPALMS. Learning Systems Institute, Florida State University. Retrieved from http://www.cpalms.org/Public/search/Standard.

10 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

DOMAIN: HEALTH PROMOTION AND DISEASE PREVENTION Health promotion and disease prevention focuses on the concepts related to health promotion and disease prevention to enhance health, such as healthy habits, preventing communicable diseases, and understanding how emotions and environment are related to health. Basic Health Concepts Conceptual understanding: The acquisition of basic health concepts and functional health knowledge provides a foundation for promoting health-enhancing behaviors among youth. This standard includes essential concepts that are based on established health behavior theories and models. Concepts that focus on both health promotion and risk reduction are included in the performance indicators. NHES.1

Students will comprehend concepts related to health promotion and disease prevention in order to enhance health.

AA.NHES.1

Identify and practice ways to promote good health and prevent diseases

AA.NHES.1.a

Identify healthy habits that help prevent disease and illness (e.g., wellness checkups, healthy food selections, vaccinations, regular physical exercise)

AA.NHES.1.b

Identify ways to prevent communicable diseases and injuries (e.g., wash hands, cover mouth when coughing, wear a seat belt, comply with helmet laws)

AA.NHES.1.c

Describe how emotions and environment are related to health (e.g., sexual activity, good housekeeping, dealing with grief, stress, second-hand smoke)

AA.NHES.1.d

Identify the effects of engaging in unhealthy behaviors (e.g., consequences for unhealthy behaviors, drug use, using inhalants, not wearing a seatbelt, smoking)

11 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

DOMAIN: INFLUENCES ON HEALTH BEHAVIORS This domain focuses on identifying and understanding how health is affected by a variety of positive and negative influences within society, such as family, peers, and social media. Factors that Impact Health Behaviors Conceptual understanding: Health is affected by a variety of positive and negative influences within society. This standard focuses on identifying and understanding the diverse internal and external factors that influence health practices and behaviors among youth, including personal values, beliefs, and perceived norms. NHES.2

Students will analyze the influence of family, peers, culture, media, technology, and other factors on health behaviors.

AA.NHES.2

Describe ways in which family, peers, culture, media, technology, and other factors influence healthy behaviors

AA.NHES.2.a

Explain how the family influences the health of individuals (e.g., nutritional management of meals, health insurance status, family medical history)

AA.NHES.2.b

Explain how peers influence healthy and unhealthy behaviors (e.g., drinking, pressure to be sexually active, engaging in sedentary activities such as TV and gaming)

AA.NHES.2.c

Identify ways the media may impact lifestyle choices (e.g., social media, commercials, TV shows, magazines, deceptive advertising, email SPAM)

AA.NHES.2.d

Identify laws that influence health promotion and disease prevention (e.g., no smoking, underage drinking, legal vs. illegal drugs, insurance, speed limit, driver’s license)

12 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

DOMAIN: HEALTH INFORMATION Health information focuses on identifying valid resources necessary for personal health care needs, obtaining access to reliable health products and services that are critical in the prevention, early detection, and treatment of health problems, as well as identifying situations that require professional health services. Health Resources Conceptual understanding: Access to valid health information and health-promoting products and services is critical in the prevention, early detection, and treatment of health problems. This standard focuses on how to identify and access valid health resources and to reject unproven sources. Application of the skills of analysis, comparison, and evaluation of health resources empowers students to achieve health literacy. NHES.3

Students will demonstrate the ability to access valid information, products, and services to enhance health.

AA.NHES.3

Demonstrate ways to access valid information, products, and services regarding personal health care needs

AA.NHES.3.a

Demonstrate ways to access valid information, products, and services regarding personal health care needs

AA.NHES.3.b

Identify ways to access reliable health products and services (e.g., pharmacist, health department, local health care providers, school nurse)

AA.NHES.3.c

Identify situations that require professional health services (e.g., distinguish between emergency and non-emergency situations, depression, toothache, earache, high temperature, situations requiring a tetanus shot, prenatal care, STDs, ingesting poison, consistent pain, bites, sores)

13 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

DOMAIN: INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION Interpersonal communication focuses on skills that are effective in enhancing health and avoiding or reducing health risks, such as healthy ways to express needs, wants, and feelings. Interpersonal Interactions Conceptual understanding: Effective communication enhances personal, family, and community health. This standard focuses on how responsible individuals use verbal and non-verbal skills to develop and maintain healthy personal relationships. The ability to organize and convey information and feelings is the basis for strengthening interpersonal interactions and reducing or avoiding conflict. NHES.4

Students will demonstrate the ability to use interpersonal communication skills to enhance health and avoid or reduce health risks.

AA.NHES.4

Demonstrate how to effectively communicate with others to improve health or avoid health risks

AA.NHES.4.a

Demonstrate the necessary communication skills to enhance health and to avoid or reduce health risks (e.g., refusal, negotiation, collaboration, say “no” to drugs, peer pressure)

AA.NHES.4.b

Demonstrate healthy ways to express needs, wants, and feelings (e.g., respect for others, expressing emotions)

AA.NHES.4.c

Demonstrate ways to respond in an unwanted, threatening, or dangerous situation (e.g., bullying, assertive communication)

AA.NHES.4.d

Demonstrate how and when to ask for assistance to enhance the health of self and others (e.g., when to seek help, what warrants assistance)

14 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

DOMAIN: DECISION MAKING This domain focuses on developing the decision-making skills needed to identify, implement, and sustain health-enhancing behaviors that impact quality of life, such as taking medication as prescribed and choosing healthy foods. Health-Related Decisions Conceptual understanding: Decision-making skills are needed to identify, implement, and sustain health-enhancing behaviors. This standard includes the essential steps needed to make healthy decisions as prescribed in the performance indicators. When applied to health issues, the decisionmaking process enables individuals to collaborate with others to improve their quality of life. NHES.5

Students will demonstrate the ability to use decision-making skills to enhance health.

AA.NHES.5

Apply decision-making skills to make healthy choices

AA.NHES.5.a

Identify situations when a health-related decision is needed (e.g., taking medication)

AA.NHES.5.b

Differentiate between healthy and unhealthy alternatives when making a decision

AA.NHES.5.c

Identify healthy options when given a situation

AA.NHES.5.d

Identify barriers that can hinder healthy decision making (e.g., limited resources, money, transportation)

15 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

DOMAIN: GOAL SETTING This domain focuses on applying goal-setting skills to setting and achieving healthy goals, such as getting enough sleep or limiting unhealthy foods. Setting Healthy Goals Conceptual understanding: Goal-setting skills are essential to help students identify, adopt, and maintain healthy behaviors. This standard includes the critical steps that are needed to achieve both short-term and long-term health goals. These skills make it possible for individuals to have aspirations and plans for the future. NHES.6

Students will demonstrate the ability to use goal-setting skills to enhance health.

AA.NHES.6

Apply goal-setting skills to set healthy goals

AA.NHES.6.a

Identify good personal health practices (e.g., balanced nutritional diet, regular exercise)

AA.NHES.6.b

Develop a personal health goal that addresses strengths, needs, and risks (e.g., eating healthy, having better sleeping habits, limiting unhealthy foods, addressing depression)

AA.NHES.6.c

Identify strategies and monitor progress in achieving a personal health goal (e.g., keeping a journal)

16 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

DOMAIN: ADVOCACY This domain focuses on applying advocacy skills to promote healthy norms and behaviors and express opinions on health issues, such as encouraging others to make healthy choices. Health Advocacy Conceptual understanding: Advocacy skills help students promote healthy norms and healthy behaviors. This standard helps students develop important skills to target their health-enhancing messages and to encourage others to adopt healthy behaviors. NHES.8

Students will demonstrate the ability to advocate for personal, family, and community health.

AA.NHES.8

Demonstrate the ability to advocate for personal, family, and community health

AA.NHES.8.a

Identify ways to encourage others to make positive health choices

AA.NHES.8.b

Express opinions and give accurate information about health issue

7 Miss. Admin. Code, Part 200

17 Overview MS AAAS for Health Elements

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