Self-Represented Defendants.

(a) Self-Represented Defendants. Those proceeding without an attorney or pro se with standby counsel must appear personally on behalf of themselves only and may not delegate that duty to another who is not authorized to practice in this court. Pro se defendants shall abide by all local, federal, and other applicable rules and/or statutes. Sanctions may be imposed for failure to comply with the Criminal Local Rules.

(b) Entities Other than Individuals. Entities other than individuals, including but not limited to corporations, partnerships, limited liability partnerships or corporations, trusts, community associations, and unions, must be represented by an attorney. (c) Filing and Service by Self-Represented Defendants. (1) Self-represented defendants need not serve any document that is electronically filed.

(2) The court may agree to accept by e-mail scanned documents from a self-represented defendant intended for electronic filing. All documents intended for filing by the self-represented litigant must be signed by hand and conform to CrimLR10.2. (3) If a self-represented defendant presents a document or item for filing that cannot be scanned or does not produce a legible electronic image, the clerk must: (A) Briefly describe the document or item and note the date of its submission in the record of the case; and 42 (B) Notify the litigant to serve the document or item by other means within three (3) business days. (d) Application of Three-Day Mailing Rule.

When a party may or must respond to a document within a specified time period in a case involving a self- represented defendant three (3) days are added to the end of the response time, except when the party receives the document by e-mail, CM/ECF, personal service, or hand delivery. (e) Ex Parte Communications. Self-represented defendants must not informally communicate with the presiding judge or chambers staff by letter, telephone, or electronic means. Requests for action must be brought by motion subject to response by the opposing party.

Documents sent directly to the presiding judge will be shared with all parties in the case. The court may, in its discretion, construe written ex parte requests as motions that shall be docketed and treated as such by all parties.