Race, Gender, "Redlining," and the Discriminatory Access to Loans, Credit, and Insurance: An Historical and Empirical Analysis of Consumers Who Sued Lenders and Insurers in Federal and State Courts, 1950-1995

This Article examines how state and federal courts have tried to resolve disputes involving “redlining”, unequal access to capital, and insurance discrimination during 1950-1995. The Article presents an overview of relevant federal and state statutes and an analysis of federal and state administrative enforcement activities. The Author argues that federal and state courts are ineffective arenas for resolving such highly complex and emotional issues, and he urges litigants to avoid these tribunals if they can not resolve their disputes.