International Groundwater Management: The Case of The U.S.-Mexican Frontier

I. The Legal Context II. The Economic Context III. Alternative Institutional Opportunities IV. Possible Management Options … A. Option 1: The Status Quo Ante … B. Option 2: Correlative Rights … C. Option 3: Management … 1. Variation A (Equitable Apportionment) … 2. Variation B (Case-by-Case Negotiation) … 3. Variation C (Comprehensive Management) … D. Option 4: International Litigation … E. Conclusions V. General Considerations … A. The Interrelationship of Surface and Groundwaters … B. The Concept of Safe Yield … C. Flow Versus Stock Resources … D. Management of Groundwater Mining … E. Criticism of Equitable Apportionment … F. The Need for Flexibility … G. Necessary Preliminary Action … H. Enforcement