Waiver or withdrawal of appellate

review (a) In general. After any general court-martial, except one in which the judgment entered into the record includes a sentence of death, and after any special court-martial in which the judgment entered into the record includes a finding of guilt, the accused may waive or withdraw the right to appellate review by a Court of Criminal Appeals. The accused may sign a waiver of the right to appeal at any time after entry of judgment and may withdraw an appeal at any time before such review is completed. (b) Right to counsel. (1) In general. The accused shall have the right to consult with qualified counsel before submitting a waiver or withdrawal of appellate review. (2) Waiver. (A) Counsel who represented the accused at the court-martial. The accused shall have the right to consult with any civilian, individual military, or detailed counsel who represented the accused at the court-martial concerning whether to waive appellate review unless such counsel has been excused under R.C.M. 505(d)(2)(B). (B) Associate counsel. If counsel who represented the accused at the court-martial has not been excused but is not immediately available to consult with the accused because of physical separation or other reasons, associate defense counsel shall be detailed to the accused upon request by the accused. Such counsel shall communicate with the counsel who represented the accused at the court-martial, and shall advise the accused concerning whether to waive appellate review. (C) Substitute counsel. If counsel who represented the accused at the court-martial has been excused under R.C.M. 505(d)(2)(B), substitute defense counsel shall be detailed to advise the accused concerning waiver of appellate rights. (3) Withdrawal. (A) Appellate defense counsel. If the accused is represented by appellate defense counsel, the accused shall have the right to consult with such counsel concerning whether to withdraw an appeal. (B) Associate defense counsel. If the accused is represented by appellate defense counsel, and such counsel is not immediately available to consult with the accused because of physical separation or other reasons, associate defense counsel shall be detailed to the accused, upon request by the accused. Such counsel shall communicate with appellate defense counsel and shall advise the accused whether to withdraw an appeal. (C) No counsel. If appellate defense counsel has not been assigned to the accused, defense counsel shall be detailed for the accused. Such counsel shall advise the accused concerning whether to withdraw an appeal. (4) Civilian counsel. Whether or not the accused was represented by civilian counsel at the court-martial, the accused may consult with civilian counsel, at no expense to the United States, concerning whether to waive or withdraw appellate review. (5) Record of trial. Any defense counsel with whom the accused consults under this rule shall be given reasonable opportunity to examine the record of trial and any attachments. (6) Right to consult. The right to consult with counsel, as used in this rule, does not require communication in the presence of one another. (c) Compulsion, coercion, and inducement prohibited. No person may compel, coerce, or induce an accused by force, promises of clemency, or otherwise to waive or withdraw appellate review. (d) Form of waiver or withdrawal. A waiver or withdrawal of appellate review shall: (1) Be written; (2) State that the accused and defense counsel have discussed the accused’s rights to appellate review and the effect of waiver or withdrawal of appellate review and that the accused understands these matters; (3) State that the waiver or withdrawal is submitted voluntarily; and (4) Be signed by the accused and by defense counsel. (e) To whom submitted. (1) Waiver. A waiver of appellate review shall be filed with the convening authority or the Judge Advocate General. The waiver shall be attached to the record of trial. (2) Withdrawal. A withdrawal of appellate review may be filed with the authority exercising general court-martial jurisdiction over the accused, who shall promptly forward it to the Judge Advocate General, or directly with the Judge Advocate General. The withdrawal shall be attached to the record of trial. (f) Effect of waiver or withdrawal; substantial compliance required. (1) In general. A valid waiver or withdrawal of appellate review under this rule shall bar review by the Court of Criminal Appeals. Once submitted, a waiver or withdrawal in compliance with this rule may not be revoked. (2) Waiver. If the accused files a waiver of appellate review in accordance with this rule, the record of trial and attachments shall be forwarded for review by a judge advocate under R.C.M. 1201. (3) Withdrawal. Action on a withdrawal of appellate review shall be carried out in accordance with procedures established by the Judge Advocate General, or if the case is pending before a Court of Criminal Appeals, in accordance with the rules of such court. If the appeal is withdrawn, the record of trial and attachments shall be forwarded for review in accordance with R.C.M. 1201. (4) Substantial compliance required. A purported waiver or withdrawal of an appeal which does not substantially comply with this rule shall have no effect.