Summary Judgment

(a) Motion for Summary Judgment or Partial Summary Judgment. A party may move for summary judgment, identifying each claim or defense—or the part of each claim or defense—on which summary judgment is sought. The court shall grant summary judgment if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. The court should state on the record the reasons for granting or denying the motion. (b) Time to File a Motion. Unless the court orders otherwise, a party may file a motion for summary judgment at any time until 30 days after the close of all discovery. (c) Procedures. (1) Supporting Factual Positions. A party asserting that a fact cannot be or is genuinely disputed must support the assertion by: (A) citing to particular parts of materials in the record, including depositions, stored documents, electronically information, or affidavits declarations, stipulations (including those made for purposes of the motion admissions, interrogatory answers, or other materials; or only), (B) showing that the materials cited do not establish the absence or presence of a genuine dispute, or that an cannot produce adverse party admissible evidence to support the fact. (2) Objection That a Fact Is Not Supported by Admissible Evidence. A party may object that the material cited to support or dispute a fact cannot be presented in a 79 RCFC 56 that would be admissible form evidence. in (3) Materials Not Cited. The court need consider only the cited materials, but it may consider other materials in the record. (4) Affidavits or Declarations. An affidavit or declaration used to support or oppose a motion must be made on personal knowledge, set out facts that would be admissible in evidence, and show that the affiant or declarant is competent to testify on the matters stated. (d) When Facts Are Unavailable to the Nonmovant. If a nonmovant shows by affidavit or declaration that, for specified reasons, it cannot present facts essential to justify its opposition, the court may: (1) defer considering the motion or deny it; to obtain affidavits or (2) allow time declarations or to take discovery; or (3) issue any other appropriate order. (e) Failing to Properly Support or Address a Fact. If a party fails to properly support an assertion of fact or fails to properly address another party’s assertion of fact as required by RCFC 56(c), the court may: (1) give an opportunity to properly support or address the fact; (2) consider the fact undisputed for purposes of the motion; (3) grant summary judgment if the motion and supporting materials—including the facts considered undisputed—show that the movant is entitled to it; or (4) issue any other appropriate order. (f) Judgment Independent of the Motion. After giving notice and a reasonable time to respond, the court may: summary (1) grant judgment for a nonmovant; (2) grant the motion on grounds not raised by a party; or (3) consider summary judgment on its own after identifying for the parties material facts that may not be genuinely in dispute. (g) Failing to Grant All the Requested Relief. If the court does not grant all the relief requested by the motion, it may enter an order stating any material fact—including an item RCFC 56.1 80 of damages or other relief—that is not genuinely in dispute and treating the fact as established in the case. (h) Affidavit or Declaration Submitted in Bad Faith. If satisfied that an affidavit or declaration under this rule is submitted in bad faith or solely for delay, the court—after notice and a reasonable time to respond— may order the submitting party to pay the other party reasonable expenses, including attorney’s fees, it incurred as a result. An offending party or attorney may also be held in contempt or subjected to other appropriate sanctions. the (As revised and reissued May 1, 2002; as amended June 20, 2006, Nov. 3, 2008, July 15, 2011.) Rules Committee Notes 2002 Revision the subdivision outlining The subdivision structure of RCFC 56 was re-ordered to more closely conform to FRCP 56. In addition, the procedures for filing a RCFC 56 motion was changed to eliminate the Statement of Genuine Issues and to require the parties to express their views on any particular fact by noting them on a single page, which may include a redraft of the challenged finding. 2006 Amendment A clause was deleted from the opening portion of subdivision (h) to accord with the abrogation of RCFC 56.1. 2008 Amendment The language of RCFC 56 has been amended to conform to the general restyling of the FRCP. 2011 Amendment RCFC 56 has been rewritten in its entirety to reflect the corresponding revision of FRCP 56 that became effective December 1, 2010.