PRESUMPTIONS IN CIVIL CASES GENERALLY

(a) Effect. In a civil case, unless a statute or these rules provide otherwise, the party against whom a presumption is directed has the burden of proving that the nonexistence of the presumed fact is more probable than its existence. (b) Prima facie evidence. A statute providing that a fact or group of facts is prima facie evidence of another fact establishes a presumption within the meaning of this rule. (c) Conflicting presumptions. If two presumptions conflict with each other, the court must apply the presumption that is more strongly supported by policy and logic. If neither presumption is more strongly supported by policy and logic, both presumptions must be disregarded.