Oaths and Affirmations

(a) WHO MAY ADMINISTER AN OATH. These persons may admin- ister an oath or affirmation or take an acknowledgment: • a bankruptcy judge; • a clerk; • a deputy clerk; • a United States trustee; • an officer authorized to administer oaths in a proceeding before a federal court or by state law in the state where the oath is taken; or • a United States diplomatic or consular officer in a foreign country. (b) AFFIRMATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE. If an oath is required, a solemn affirmation suffices. (As amended Mar. 30, 1987, eff. Aug. 1, 1987; Apr. 30, 1991, eff. Aug. 1, 1991; Apr. 2, 2024, eff. Dec. 1, 2024.)