Interrogatories to Parties

(a) Availability; Answers; Objections. Any party may serve upon any adverse party written interrogatories to be answered by the party served or, if the party served is a public or private corporation or a partnership or association, by any officer or agent, who shall furnish such information as is available to the party. Interrogatories may be served after commencement of the action or after the filing of a responsive pleading by the party to whom the interrogatories are directed and without leave of court, except that, if service is made by the plaintiff within sixty (60) days after service upon the defendant, leave of court granted with or without notice must first be obtained. The interrogatories shall be answered separately and fully in writing under oath. The answers shall be signed by the person making them; and the party upon whom the interrogatories have been served shall serve a copy of the answers on the parties submitting the interrogatories within forty (40) days after the service of the interrogatories, unless the court on motion and notice and for good cause shown, enlarges or shortens the time. With his or her answers a party may serve specific written objections to particular interrogatories, stating the grounds on which the objections are based. Failure to serve such objections shall constitute a waiver thereof. Answers to interrogatories to which objection is made may be deferred until an order to answer is entered in accordance with Rule 37(a) upon motion of the interrogating party. Such objections or motion made without substantial justification shall be subject to the sanctions set forth in Rule 37(a). (b) Scope; Limitations. Interrogatories may relate to any matters which can be inquired into under Rule 26(b), and the answers may be used to the extent permitted by the Rhode Island Rules of Evidence. Interrogatories may be served after a Page 43 of 76 February 2024 deposition has been taken, and a deposition may be sought after interrogatories have been answered, but the court on motion of the deponent or the party interrogated, may make such protective order as justice may require. A party shall not serve more than one (1) set of interrogatories upon an adverse party nor shall the number of interrogatories exceed thirty (30) unless the court otherwise orders for good cause shown. The provisions of Rule 30(b) are applicable for the protection of the party from whom answers to interrogatories are sought under this rule. An interrogatory is not objectionable merely because it calls for an answer which involves an opinion or contention that relates to fact, or to the application of law to fact, but the court may order that such an interrogatory need not be answered until after other designated discovery has been completed or at some other later time. (c) Continuing Duty to Answer. If the party furnishing answers to interrogatories shall subsequently obtain information which renders such answers incomplete or incorrect, amended answers shall be served within a reasonable time thereafter but not later than thirty (30) days prior to the day fixed for trial. Thereafter amendments may be allowed only on motion and upon such terms as the court may direct. (d) Option to Produce Business Records. If the answer to an interrogatory may be derived or ascertained from the business records of the party upon whom the interrogatory has been served or from an examination, audit or inspection of such business records, including a compilation, abstract or summary thereof, and the burden of deriving or ascertaining the answer is substantially the same for the party serving the interrogatory as for the party served, it is a sufficient answer to such interrogatory to specify the records from which the answer may be derived or ascertained and to afford to the party serving the interrogatory reasonable opportunity to examine, audit or inspect such records and to make copies, compilations, abstracts or summaries. A specification shall be in sufficient detail to permit the interrogating party to locate and identify, as readily as can the party served, the records from which the answer may be ascertained. 34. Production of Documents and Things and Entry Upon Land for Inspection for Other Purposes. — (a) Scope. Subject to the provisions of Rule 30(b), any party may serve on any other party a request: (1) To produce and permit the requesting party, or someone acting on the requesting party's behalf, to inspect, copy, test, or sample the following items in the responding party's possess ion, custody, or control: Page 44 of 76 February 2024 (A) Any designated documents or electronically stored information (including writings, drawings, graphs, charts, photographs, audio recordings, images, and other data or data compilations) stored in any medium from which information can be obtained either directly or, if necessary, after translation, by the responding party into a reasonably usable form; or (B) Any designated tangible things which constitute or contain matters within the scope of Rule 26(b) and which are in the possession, custody or control of the party upon whom the request is served. (2) To permit entry upon designated land or other property possessed or controlled by the responding party, so that the requesting party may inspect, measure, survey, photograph, test, or sample the property or any designated object or operation thereon, within the scope of Rule 26(b). (b) Procedure. The request may, without leave of court, be served upon the plaintiff after commencement of the action and upon any other party with or after service of the summons, complaint, Language Assistance Notice, and all other required documents upon that party. The request shall set forth the items to be inspected either by individual item or by category, and describe each item and category with reasonable particularity. The request shall specify a reasonable time, place, and manner of making the inspection and performing the related acts. The party upon whom the request is served shall be obligated to comply therewith unless within thirty (30) days after service thereof, or within such shorter or longer time as the court may allow, the party serves upon the requesting party an objection to the request, specifying the portion of the request objected to and the grounds of objection. Portions of the request not objected to shall be complied with. The party submitting the request may move for an order under Rule 37(a) with respect to any objection to the request or other failure to permit inspection as requested. A party who produces documents for inspection shall produce them as they are kept in the usual course of business or shall organize and label them to correspond with the categories in the request. (c) Persons Not Parties. A person not a party to the action may be compelled to produce documents and things or to submit to an inspection as provided in Rule 45.