Appeal of sentence by the United States

(a) In general. With the approval of the Judge Advocate General concerned, the Government may appeal a sentence announced under R.C.M. 1007 to the Court of Criminal Appeals on the grounds that – (1) the sentence violates the law; or (2) the sentence is plainly unreasonable. (b) Timing. (1) An appeal under this rule must be filed within 60 days after the date on which the judgment of the court- martial is entered into the record under R.C.M. 1111. (2) Any request for approval must be submitted in sufficient time to obtain and consider submissions under paragraph (c)(4) of this rule. (c) Approval process. (1) A request from the Government to the Judge Advocate General for approval of an appeal under this rule shall include a statement of reasons in support of an appeal under paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2), as applicable, based upon the information contained in the record before the sentencing authority at the time the sentence was announced under R.C.M. 1007. (2) A statement of reasons in support of an appeal under paragraph (a)(1) shall identify the specific provisions of law at issue and the facts in the record demonstrating a violation of the law in the announced sentence under R.C.M. 1007. (3) A statement of reasons in support of an appeal under paragraph (a)(2) shall identify the facts in the record that demonstrate by clear and convincing evidence that the sentence announced under R.C.M. 1007 was plainly unreasonable because no reasonable sentencing authority would adjudge such a sentence in view of the record before the sentencing authority at the time the sentence was announced under R.C.M. 1007. (2) the information submitted during the presentencing proceeding; and (3) any information required by rule or order of the Court of Criminal Appeals. (e) Standard. A sentence is plainly unreasonable if no reasonable sentencing authority would determine such a sentence in view of the record before the sentencing authority at the time the sentence was announced under R.C.M. 1007. the military judge who presided over (4) Prior to acting on a request from the Government, the Judge Advocate General shall transmit the request to the presentencing proceeding for purposes of providing the military judge, the parties, and any person who, at the time of sentencing, was a crime victim as defined by R.C.M. 1001(c)(2)(A), with an opportunity to make a submission addressing the statement of reasons in the Government’s request. (A) The military judge shall establish the time for the parties and crime victims to provide such a submission to the military judge, and for the military judge to forward all submissions to the Judge Advocate General. The military judge shall ensure that the parties have not less than 7 days to prepare, review, and transmit such submissions. (B) Submissions under this paragraph shall not include facts beyond the record established at the time the sentence was announced under R.C.M. 1007. (5) The decision of the Judge Advocate General as to whether to approve a request shall be based on the information developed under this rule. (6) If an appeal is approved by the Judge Advocate General and submitted to the Court of Criminal Appeals under this rule, the following shall be included with the appeal: the statement of approval, the Government’s request and statement of reasons under paragraph (c)(2) or (3), and any submissions under paragraph (c)(4). (d) Contents of the record of trial. Unless the record has been forwarded to the Court of Criminal Appeals for review under R.C.M. 1116(b), the record of trial for an appeal under this rule shall consist of— (1) any portion of the record in the case that is designated as pertinent by either of the parties; II-121 CHAPTER XII. APPEALS AND REVIEW